สุนีย์ วงษ์จิตรพิมล. Fabrication and Surface Modification of Polyvinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) Hollow Fiber Membranes Intended for Use as Membrane Contactors. Doctoral Degree(Chemical Engineering). King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library. : King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2011.
Fabrication and Surface Modification of Polyvinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) Hollow Fiber Membranes Intended for Use as Membrane Contactors
Abstract:
This thesis aimed to study the fabrication and surface modification of polyvinylidene
fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) hollow fiber membranes for membrane
contactor applications. The PVDF-HFP hollow fiber membranes were fabricated based
on nonsolvent-induced phase inversion separation (NIPS) method using N-methyl-2pyrrolidone
(NMP) as a solvent. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) with the molecular weights
of 200, 600, and 6000 Da were used as the main additive. PEG-200 was selected to
study the effect of PEG concentration. In addition, lithium chloride (LiCI) was also used
as the second additive. The spinning conditions were also varied. The effects of the
PVDF-HFPINMP/PEG interactions on the thermodynamic and kinetic of the dope
solutions were investigated. The as-spun membranes were characterized in terms of
cross-section and surface morphologies, pure water permeability (PWP), molecular
weight cut-off (MWCO), contact angle, and tensile properties.
Addition of additive increased the dope thermodynamic instability. resulting in rapid
phase demixing in the membrane formation process. The finger-like macrovoids were
developed underneath the outer and inner surfaces of the fibers for all the prepared
membranes and their dimension increased in parallel with the increase in PEG
molecular weights and PEG concentrations. The size of finger-like macrovoids could be
suppressed by increasing the coagulation temperature or adding the second additive.
PVDF-HFP hollow fibers surface modifications were conducted using the commercial
Fluorolink S10 (FS10) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as modifying agents. The fiber
surface was first activated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solutions known as
the dehydrofluorination process, followed by grafting with the mixture solutions of
FS I0 and TEaS. It was found that the optimum conditions of the modification of
dehydrofluorination and grafting processes were 10wt.% NaOH, 60 min treatment time,
and FS IO/TEOS with the ratio of 3/2 for 30 min. The membrane hydrophobicity in term
of contact angle and liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw) increased. while the
membrane porosity decreased after the modification. The modification changed the
membrane pore size distribution of the original membranes which affected the
membrane performances.
Original and modified PVDF-HFP hollow fibers were applied to test the performances
in membrane gas absorption (MGA) and direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD)
processes. In case of MGA, pure CO2 was used as the gas feed, while water and 0.25M
monoethanolamine (MEA) were used as the physical and chemical absorbents.
respectively. There was no clear relation between the CO2 absorption flux and
characterized membrane properties in the physical absorption. For the chemical
absorption. 3A(6000)T40-A2 membrane presented the highest CO2 absorption flux than
those of other original membranes. Meanwhile, among the modified membranes.
Mo_3(6000)T40-A2 had the highest CO2 absorption flux. The CO2 absorption f1ux of
3A(6000)T40-A2 membrane was higher than that of the Mo_3A(6000)-T40-A2
membrane. However, Mo_3A(6000)T40-A2 membrane possessed the better long-term
performance than 3A(6000)T40-A2 membrane. The CO2 absorption flux of
Mo_3A(6000)T40-A2 membrane decreased by 30% after 7 days. while the CO2 fluxes
of the other membranes decreased more than 80%. For the DCMD desalination results.
the permeation fluxes were only 1-2 kg/mh, 3A(6000)T40-A2 membrane presented the
highest salt rejection. but the permeation flux was too low for the DCMD application.
CO2 removal from biogas by novel micro bubble dissolving technology มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี
Thesis Committee : Prof. Dr. Navadol Laosiripojana Asst. Prof. Dr. Nutthachai Pongprasert Prof. Dr. Suttichai Assabumrungrat Assoc. Prof. Dr. Varit Srilaong Prof. Dr. Ratana Jiraratananon