Warintra Pitsawong. Investigation on the role of threonine 169 in the reaction catalyzed by pyranose 2-oxidase. Master's Degree(Biochemistry). Mahidol University. Mahidol University Library and Knowledge Center. : Mahidol University, 2009.
Investigation on the role of threonine 169 in the reaction catalyzed by pyranose 2-oxidase
Abstract:
Pyranose 2-oxidase (P2O; pyranose:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase;) is a
covalently-linked flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of D-glucose and several
aldopyranoses by molecular oxygen to 2-keto-aldoses and hydrogen peroxide.
Crystallographic studies of pyranose 2-oxidase a 1.8 Ǻ resolution have shown that the
active site residue, Thr169, may be important for reductive and oxidative halfreactions.
The wild-type P2O prefers D-glucose over D-galactose as an electron-donor
substrate. In this study, a series of mutants, Thr169Ser, Thr169Asn, Thr169Gly and
Thr169Ala were constructed and expressed for investigating the role of this residue
using pre-steady state and steady state kinetics. Pre-steady state kinetics has shown
that Thr169 is important for the reductive half-reaction since the rates of the flavin
reduction by D-glucose in these mutants were lower than that of the wild-type
~1.5×103-fold and ~20-fold for Thr169Ala and Thr169Gly mutants. However,
mutation of this residue seems to improve the oxidation of D-galactose since rate
constants associated with the D-galactose oxidation in the Thr169Ser, Thr169Asn, and
Thr169Gly mutants are higher than the values of the wild-type. In these mutants, the
binding of D-galactose which differs from D-glucose only at the conformation of the
O4 hydroxyl group may be improved by the decrease of steric hindrance between the
side chain of this residue and the O4 position of D-galactose. Studies of the oxidative
half-reaction have shown that this residue is important for the stabilization a C4ahydroperoxyflavin
intermediate since all mutants did not show the intermediate
formation. Our findings show that while the wild-type enzyme and other mutants
follow a Ping-Pong kinetic mechanism, the Thr169Ala mutant exhibits a ternary
complex mechanism. This indicates that the product may remain bound to the mutant
active site during the oxidative half-reaction. This implies that replacement of Thr169
with alanine significantly affected the microenvironment of the flavin. Measurement
of midpoint reduction potentials showed that E 0
m of all mutants were in the same range
with the wild-type value except in Thr169Ala where E 0
m of -197 mV was found. This
value is ~92 mV more negative than that of the wild-type enzyme, indicating that
reduction of the flavin in this mutant is also disfavored thermodynamically.