Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol. Screening for anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic agents and investigation of their mechanisms. Doctoral Degree(Biochemistry). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2008.
Screening for anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic agents and investigation of their mechanisms
Abstract:
The ability of cancer cells to invade surrounding tissues is essential in allowing
them to spread throughout the body or undergo metastasis. The tumor also induces
formation of new blood vessels or angiogenesis, which not only supports tumor
growth but also provides an escape path for metastasis. This study aimed to find novel
anti-metastatic agents from Thai medicinal plants or natural products, and to
investigate their mechanisms, including their anti-angiogenic activity. Juice prepared
from Eclipta prostrata showed a potent inhibition of cancer invasion in an in vitro
anti-invasion screening, and this was shown to be due to inhibition of cell migration.
The E. prostrata juice inhibited cell migration in a variety of human cancer cell types
and also in human endothelial cells, with IC50 values of 31-70 μg/ml. The juice (200
μg/egg) could also inhibit angiogenesis in a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)
model, with up to 50% inhibition.
Another compound, vanillin previously shown to have anti-metastatic effect in
a mouse model, was also studied using A549 human lung cancer cell line. Vanillin
and its derivative, apocynin, (4 mM each) were able to inhibit hepatocyte growth
factor-induced cell migration of A549 cells by 57% and 40% inhibition, respectively.
Western blot analysis and in vitro lipid kinase assay revealed that inhibition of
phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity is a mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of
vanillin and apocynin. The aldehyde or ketone group at C-1 position of vanillin and
apocynin is important for the inhibitory effects, but antioxidant activity was not
important. Vanillin and apocynin (500 nmol/egg) were able to inhibit angiogenesis in
the CAM model, by 28% and 37%, respectively.
SK-Hep-1 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line has been proposed to be
an endothelial-derived cell line. However, this cell line did not respond to vascular
endothelial growth factor, and real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed no expression of
endothelial-specific genes in this cell line. Thus, SK-Hep-1 cell line is not suitable for
use in the in vitro angiogenesis model, but is useful for studying vasculogenic
mimicry.