Yuvaret Viturawong. Gelatinization and retrogradation of rice starch-xanthan mixtures : effects of molecular weight of xanthan and different salts. Master's Degree(Biotechnology). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2008.
Gelatinization and retrogradation of rice starch-xanthan mixtures : effects of molecular weight of xanthan and different salts
Abstract:
Effects of molecular weight (Mw) of xanthan (XG) and salts (0.1 M NaCl or CaCl2) on the
gelatinization and retrogradation of rice starch (RS) were studied. A series of five XG samples,
having various Mw, was prepared by homogenization of native XG solutions in the presence or
absence of salts. The presence of salts greatly reduced the intrinsic viscosities, [η], of all XG
solutions. Rapid visco-analysis (RVA) data showed that XG addition increased the peak,
breakdown, final, and setback viscosities of RS, either in the presence or absence of salts, whereas
the pasting temperatures were unaffected. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data
demonstrated that the onset (To), peak (Tp), and conclusion (Tc) gelatinization temperatures of RS
were unaffected by XG addition but slightly increased by CaCl2 addition, whereas the
gelatinization enthalpies (ΔH1) were significantly decreased by addition of XG and salts. Dynamic
shear data revealed weak gel-like behavior in all paste samples in which their rigidity was
decreased by XG addition. Flow tests showed that all pastes exhibited time-dependent shearthinning
(thixotropic) with yield stress behavior in which the hysteresis loop areas were
significantly decreased by XG addition, whereas the other rheological parameters varied
differently among the samples, with and without added salts. Storage of the mixed gels, with or
without added salts, at 4°C resulted in a decrease in To, Tp, Tc, and melting enthalpies (ΔH2) and an
increase in the phase transition temperature ranges (Tc-To) compared to those obtained from the
first run. The addition of XG increased the retrogradation ratio (ΔH2/ΔH1) of RS but did not affect
the (Tc-To) and these results seemed to be unaffected by added salts. The syneresis and viscoelastic
characteristics of the mixed gels, either in the presence or absence of salts, increased with storage
time, but this effect was reduced by XG addition. In general, the effects of XG addition on the
gelatinization and retrogradation behavior of RS were more pronounced with increasing Mw of XG
and these effects depended on salts added.