Siriwan Suknicom. Beta-carotene, lycopene, vitamin E, sugar, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber contents in selected Thai fruits for health and diseases guidelines . Master's Degree(Food and Nutrition for Development). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2007.
Beta-carotene, lycopene, vitamin E, sugar, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber contents in selected Thai fruits for health and diseases guidelines
Abstract:
A total of 37 varieties of fresh fruits and 4 kinds of fruits in syrup were collected
from 6 local markets and supermarkets in Bangkok during January to December 2006. The
objectives of this study were to determine beta-carotene, lycopene, vitamin E and sugar by
using High Performance Liquid Chromatography method and dietary fiber by using the
enzymatic-gravimetric method and to calculate these nutrients in one portion of fruits
group in food exchange list and find correlations between glycemic index (GI) and sugar or
dietary fiber. The results of these nutrient analyses in fresh fruits and fruits in syrup
indicated that beta-carotene content ranged from not detected to 616.10 μg/100g edible
portion while lycopene content ranged from not detected to 6693.04 μg/100g edible portion
and vitamin E content ranged from not detected to 1.43 mg/100g edible portion. For sugar
analysis, the content in fresh fruits and fruits in syrup ranged from not detected to 12.99
g/100g edible portion for sucrose, 0.47 to 10.28 g/100g edible portion for glucose, 1.03 to
9.93 g/100g edible portion for fructose and 4.54 to 20.33 g/100g edible portion for total
sugar. Dietary fiber content in fresh fruits and fruits in syrup ranged from 0.20 to 10.16
g/100g edible portion for insoluble dietary fiber, 0.15 to 2.48 g/100g edible portion for
soluble dietary fiber, and 0.60 to 11.43 g/100g edible portion for total dietary fiber.
Red watermelon (Jintrarah variety) was an excellent source of beta-carotene and
lycopene with approximately 1047 and 11378 μg/one edible portion, respectively. The
highest vitamin E content was found in unripe mango (Keosawoei variety) (0.9 mg/one
edible portion) which is 9% of the Thai Recommended Daily Intakes (Thai RDI) of vitamin
E. The highest content of sucrose was found in pomelo (Khaonahmpeung variety) (12.0
g/one edible portion) while the highest content of glucose was found in grape (Green
variety) (6.9 g/one edible portion). The highest fructose content was found in papaya
(Khakdahm variety) (8.8 g/one edible portion) and the highest total sugar content was
found in longkong (14.2 g/one edible portion). Strawberry contained the highest soluble
dietary fiber (2.2 g/one edible portion) and sapodilla had the highest amounts of insoluble
and total dietary fiber (7.0 and 7.9 g/one edible portion). The best source of dietary fiber in
fruits per one edible portion was sapodillas which is 32% of the Thai RDI of dietary fiber.
There was no significant correlation between GI and both glucose and fructose but
a significant positive correlation between GI and both sucrose and total sugar was found
(r=0.429 and 0.441, respectively at p<0.05). In addition, there was no significant correlation
between GI and soluble dietary fiber, however a significant negative correlation was found
between GI and insoluble dietary fiber and total dietary fiber (r= -0.550 and -0.421,
respectively at p<0.05).