Abstract:
Median, range and 95% confidence interval (CI) for age, anthropometric parameters, soluble leptin
receptor, serum leptin, glucose and lipid profiles of 106 control and 212 overweight/obese adult
subjects, and 95 control and 181 at risk for overweight/overweight child and adolescent subjects were
determined. Serum leptin, cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels were
significantly higher in at risk for overweight/overweight child and adolescent, and overweight/obese
adult, subjects. In contrast, soluble leptin receptor levels and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were
significantly lower in at risk for overweight/overweight child and adolescent, and overweight/obese
adult, subjects as well. A significant positive correlation was found between soluble leptin receptor and
HDL-C. Moreover, soluble leptin receptor levels were significantly negatively correlated with leptin
and BMI. In adults, subjects with Arg109Arg homozygous mutant type had significantly higher leptin
levels than those with Lys109Lys homozygous wild type and Lys109Arg heterozygous mutant type in
the control group. Subjects with GG homozygous mutant type A19G polymorphism had significantly
higher triglyceride and glucose levels than those with heterozygous mutant type and homozygous wild
type in the overweight/obese group. Moreover, control subjects with homozygous mutant type G-
2548A polymorphism had significantly lower LDL-C levels than those with heterozygous mutant type
and homozygous wild type, while subjects with homozygous mutant type A19G polymorphism had
significantly higher leptin receptor levels than those with heterozygous mutant type and homozygous
wild type. In Thai children and adolescents, the results showed that at risk for overweight/overweight
children and adolescents with Lys656Lys homozygote had significantly higher cholesterol and LDL-C
levels. In contrast, subjects with Lys656Lys alleles had significantly lower leptin levels than those with
Lys656Asn heterozygous and Asn656Asn homozygous mutant type in the same group. Subjects with
GG homozygous mutant type A19G polymorphism had significantly lower soluble leptin receptor levels
in at risk for overweight/overweight children and adolescents. Subjects with homozygous mutant type
G-2548A polymorphism had significantly lower HDL-C levels than those with heterozygous mutant
type and homozygous wild type in the control group. The results can elucidate the causes and
consequences of obesity, and are expected to aid provision of care for overweight and obese Thais