Limchai Prachayasittikul. Application of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT Model) for water balance studies of Songkhla Lake basin . Master's Degree(Environmental Planning for Community and Rural Development). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2006.
Application of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT Model) for water balance studies of Songkhla Lake basin
การประยุกต์ใช้แบบจำลอง Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT Model) เพื่อการศึกษาสมดุลของน้ำในลุ่มน้ำทะเลสาบสงขลา
Abstract:
This study was the application of SWAT model to simulate managing water resources in the
Songkhla Lake Basin. It was based on the principles of Water Balance in the study of water supply
and water demand for various activities currently and in the future.
In this study, the potential surface water supply in each sub-basin was used in the SWAT
model to analyze the relationship between rainfall and runoff. Relative differences in percentages,
correlation coefficients (R2) and efficiency coefficients (Nash and Sutcliffe) were used to compare
the model results and the observed data.
The results of calibrating the model in three sub-basins, which were the gauging stations at
Khlong Na Thom, Tha Chiad and U-Taphao, showed the relative differences in percentages to be
17.29%, 2.18% and -4.51%, respectively. The correlation coefficients (R2) were 0.70, 0.56 and
0.73, respectively, and the efficiency coefficients (Nash and Sutcliffe) were 0.68, 0.50 and 0.65,
respectively. The results indicated that the SWAT model was able to simulate surface runoff quite
well using data from the rainfall stations, which were widely scattered over the basin.
The results of water balance indicated that yearly average surface water supply during 1975
to 2004 was 6,051.16 mcm and ranged from 3,104.88 to 10,524.93 mcm. In 2004, the water
shortage for irrigation projects was 281.64 mcm or 28 % of the water demand for irrigation. The
residuals which were the surface runoff that drained into Songkhla Lake averaged 5,345.34 mcm
yearly. In 2014, the water shortage for irrigation projects is estimated to 326.02 mcm or 26.59 % of
the water demand for irrigation. The residuals should be an average of 5,198.01 mcm yearly
The water demand may continue to increase in the future, therefore further studies should
consider the approach to manage water demand in order to improve usage efficiency, reduce water
loss, water reuse, and encourage water recycling. All of these may contribute to reducing water
scarcity in the basin.