Phanasit Poowasanpetch. Production of recombinant human 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) for anti-GAD65 autoantibody detection by a signal amplification ELISA technique . Master's Degree(Immunology). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2004.
Production of recombinant human 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) for anti-GAD65 autoantibody detection by a signal amplification ELISA technique
การผลิต recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylase ขนาด 65 กิโลดาลตัน (GAD65) เพื่อตรวจหา anti-GAD65 autoantibody โดยวิธี signal amplification ELISA technique
Abstract:
Type one diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease in which certain
unidentified genes and autoimmune destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas play a
major causative role. Information regarding the 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase
(GAD65) antibody in patients’ serum may provide crucial information for proper
diagnosis, estimation of disease progression, and development of appropriate
treatment and prevention plans. Human GAD65 protein antigen fused with
glutathione S-transferase (GST) was produced in this study. To detect anti-GAD65
autoantibody, we developed a signal amplification enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). Sera from 21 type one diabetes patients and 15 normal subjects were
subjected to anti-GAD65 autoantibody detection by the assay. Only one patient gave
positive results of anti-GAD65 autoantibody detection while all normal subjects gave
negative results. We investigated the causes of low sensitivity of the test and found
that the high pH of coating buffer used was not the cause. According to western blot
analysis, contamination by other proteins in the GAD65-GST fusion protein
preparation was unlikely. Polysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide contamination,
however, cannot be excluded; and the conformational structure of purified GAD65-
GST antigen adsorbed to the wells was not investigated because other ELISA formats
were required to test this. The preclinical or early phase of serum samples was
required to investigate the last possible cause of the low sensitivity of the ELISA, as
the level of autoantibody can decrease with time after onset of the disease. The
successful production of large amount of GAD65-GST fusion protein has several
applications such as use for the evaluation of T-cell response against GAD65 antigen
in type one diabetes patients