Jaruwan Phaitrakoon. Relationship between dietary calcium intake, exercise and bone mineral density in the first five postmenopausal years in Thai women . Master's Degree(Nutrition). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2003.
Relationship between dietary calcium intake, exercise and bone mineral density in the first five postmenopausal years in Thai women
Abstract:
Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture in postmenopausal women.
Therefore, prevention of osteoporosis is of most importance. The main objective of
this descriptive research was to study the relationship between calcium intake,
exercise and bone mineral density in the first five postmenopausal years in Thai
women. The population in this study was 133 postmenopausal women aged between
44 –57 years, who had Bone Mineral Density (BMD) examined at the Nuclear
Medicine Department of Phramongkutklao Hospital. Data collection was done using
a questionnaire and radiological investigation.
Results showed that the dietary calcium intake had a positive relationship with
BMD (r = 0.258, p = 0.003). Total calcium intake, calcium intake of milk and milk
products in the normal group, the osteopenia group and the osteoporosis group
showed significantly different distribution (p = 0.002). Exercise had a positive
relationship with BMD (r = 0.238, p = 0.006). Total energy of activities and energy
expenditure in moderate sport or leisure activities of the normal group, the
osteopenia group and the osteoporosis group showed significantly different
distribution (p = 0.002 and 0.046). The influencing factors of low bone mineral
density were total dietary calcium intake < 400 mg/d, consumed calcium in milk
< 200 mg/d and total energy of activities < 200 Kcal/d (OR = 2.306, 4.152 and
1.935, respectively; p <0.05).
Therefore, the prevention and reduction of osteoporosis in women can be
brought about through changing behavior by increasing consumed dietary calcium
especially, milk and milk products and regular daily exercise.