A research and development of the program for enhancing characteristic pertaining to self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-dhramma principle for secondary school students
Abstract:
The research objectives were 1) to develop the program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle for secondary school students, 2) to study quality of the program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle for secondary school students and 3) to experiment the program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle for secondary school students. The research and development employed a quasi – experimental study. The sample groups were the 10th grade students, with the total of 60 students from 2 classes. The participants were divided into two groups, control and experimental, with 30 students in each one. The research instruments were 1) the program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle 2) the test 3) the self evaluation test. The data analysis covered content analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation and a multivariate analysis of covariance: MANOVA.
The research findings were:
1. The program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle for secondary school students comprises 1) learning objectives aiming at the students using Nathakarana-Dhramma principle to improve themselves, 2) a learning subject of 10 Nathakarana-Dhramma principle consisting of good behaviors, eagerness to learn, proper friends, obedience, enthusiasm in doing activities, virtue desire, diligence, self-sufficiency, staying focus and intelligence 3) a set of activities and media that are 10 activity bases: base 1 of percepts and dhramma at heart, base 2 of eagerness to learn, base 3 of proper friends and teachers, base 4 of obedience, base 5 of enthusiasm in doing activities, base 6 of desiring in virtue, base 7 of diligent as always, base 8 of self-sufficiency lifestyle, base 9 of being conscious and base 10 of intelligence and 4) a test and evaluation of the learning by assessing the real situations including observations and behavior evaluation during the activity, question-and-answer sessions, discussion, cooperation, group activities, both personal and group work, presentation and quizzes after each base.
2. The program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle for secondary school students was effective for its Item Objective Congruence at 1.00 and the effectiveness of the program of E₁ / E₂ at 85.00/ 86.22
3. The result of a program for self-reliance development based on Nathakarana-Dhramma principle for secondary school students showed that the experimental group possess higher self-reliance than the control at significant level of 0.05. Moreover, the experimental group showed desirable change in students’ behaviors such as more concentration, lower rate of homework copying, higher self-control over the influence of other media, more self-confidence, lower others-reliance and more proper choice of friends.