Abstract:
Studied states and problems in teaching and learning of instructors and students of visual art program at private higher educational institutions. For instructors, the study emphasized upon instructional planning, instructional procedures, instructional methods, instructional media, measurement and evaluation and physical and social environment. For students, the topic were knowledge and understanding in art, learning habits, working process, physical and social environment. The population of this study were 15 visual art studio instructors and 120 students. The instruments were a set of questionnaire consisted check list, rating scale, semi-structured interview and observation form which were constructed by researcher. The data of questionnaires were analyzed by percentage, means and standard deviation, interview and observation were analyzed by percentage, summarized that main contexts and described in written statements. The results of research were found that the state of studio art instructors concerning instructional planning in the real situation was rated at the high level and problem in this aspect was rated at the moderate level; the state of instructional procedures was rated at the high level and the problem concerned this aspect was rated at the moderate level. The states and problems of instructional methods, instructional media and measurement and evaluation were rated at the moderate level. The state of physical environment in teaching was rated at the low level and problem concerned this aspect was rated at the moderate level. The state and problem of social environment in teaching were rated at the moderate level. The state and problem of studio art learning for art students, concerning knowledge and understanding in the real situation were rated at the moderate level; the state of learning habit was rated at the high level and the problem in this aspect was rated at the low level. The state of working process was rated at the high level and its problems was rated at the moderate level. The state of physical environment was rated at the low level and this problem was rated at the high level. The state and problem of social environment were rated at the moderate level. The result of interviewing studio art instructors was as follows: Most of instructors realized about the problem in differences of knowledge and understanding among students; instructional planning was emphasized upon the development on both creativity and skill; demonstration method was used with freshmen and sophomore students while seminar method was used with junior and senior students. The measurement and evaluation based on students' development of art works was determined by students' portfolios ; the physical environment was considered inappropriate for teaching and learning studio art ; beside the problem of differences in skill among students there was also a problem of conflicting opinions among instructors and the problem of lacking financial and professional support from administrators. For students' interviewing, it was found that their development in knowledge and skill progressively through their educational levels. In the aspect of working processes found that it can be classified into 3 categories: systematic art process, semi-systematic art process and non-systematic art process. Most students identified that the physical environment was not appropriate for studio art learning due to the problem in lacking qualified exhibition room and visual art textbooks in the library. The result of observation were as follows: For the state of environment in general, art studios were divided by differences of learning purposes, such as studios for painting, sculpture, printing, etc. There was sufficient learning facilities within each studios. For the state of teaching and learning studio art, there were critique sessions within freshmen and sophomore classes; students were free to work independently. The seminar instructional method was used in junior and senior classes; instructor respond to student's creative work with critique and suggestions.