Abstract:
Formulation and production of breakfast cereal fortified with defatted rice bran (DRB) was studied. Two groups of raw materials were selected. The high carbohydrate group was composed of rice flour and corn flour with carbohydrate-protein of 78.73-8.71% and 87.31-1.60%, respectively. The high protein group was composed of soy flour and job's tear flour with carbohydrate-protein of 31.77-40.51% and 70.14-17.11%, respectively. Traces of total dietary fiber (TDF) were found in rice, corn and soy flours while those found in job's tear flour and DRB were 1.37 and 4.70% respectively. Viscosity patterns and gelling temperatures of rice flour, corn flour along wiht 7 formula of composite flours were studied. Breakfast cereals from the 7 samples were also produced by drum drying. Gelling temperatures of the sample were 76.2-78.7ํC. The highest color and acceptability scores were observed in sample containing rice flour : corn flour : soy flour : job's tear flour 25:35:1:8. So this sample and another one with high quantity of soy flour were selected for further studied. DRB of 25, 50, 75 and 100% of flour weight were incorporated in to the two selected composite flour samples and the breakfast cereals produced. Increasing of DRB resulted in products with lower sensory quality, darker color and lower water absorption (p<=0.05). Samples with 50% DRB were selected for further studied. Flavor improvement study was carried out by incorporating cocoa powder and sugar at 5, 7, 9% and 20, 24, 28% of the flour-DRB weight, respectively. From the experimental result, 7% cocoa power and 24% sugar were selected for both samples. The proximate compositions of the two samples were rather similar, with 8.04-9.68% protein, 0.90-1.40% fat, 3.20-3.70% ash and 9.13-10.80% TDF. Storage stabilities of the two samples were studied at atmospheric pressure, 30ํC, in aluminium foil/low density polyethylene bags, for 12 weeks. Increasing storage time resulted in the products higher water activity, moisture and thiobarbituric acid value (p<=0.05). Sensory qualities of both products were acceptable for at least 12 weeks