Preparation of electrode from Biomass for rechargeable Lithium-ion and Sodium-ion batteries

Name: Nalinrat Wongsaken

Organization : Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Science

Name: Chakrit Sriprachuabwong

Organization : National Science and Technology Development Agency

Name: Jitti Kasemchainan

Organization : Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Science

Email : jitti.k@chula.ac.th

keyword: Electrode materials

LCSH: Lithium-ion batteries

LCSH: Sodium-ion batteries

LCSH: Biomass energy

LCSH: Carbon, Activated

Abstract: The development of Li-ion and Na-ion batteries has gained significant attention for use in electronic devices and large-scale energy storage. However, electrode materials still face challenges in durability, lifespan and sustainability. Graphite and its derivatives are commonly used as negative electrodes, but they are produced from natural sources and fossil fuels, raising environmental and renewability concerns. Therefore, finding more eco-friendly and cost-effective materials is essential. Biomass from agricultural waste presents a promising alternative due to its abundance, low cost, and sustainability. In this work, betel palm shells, which are common agricultural wastes in the southern regions in Thailand, were first chemically activated with FeCl3. After that, it underwent thermal treatment under N2 atmosphere ranging from 700 to 1000 °C in order to carbonize the materials, increase the specific surface area, as well as create the porosity. Different characterizations were performed to acquire the properties of the synthesized activated carbon samples. Crystalline structures and functional groups of the obtained samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. It can be observed that the activated carbon exhibit the characteristics of graphite-derivative materials. The electrical conductivity of the samples was examined by Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The activated carbon thermally treated at 900 °C gives the highest conductivity of 1.63 S/cm while a commercial graphite has the conductivity of 1.78 S/cm The AC-F material, at a temperature of 900°C, serves as an electrode in lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. At a Crate of 0.05C, lithium-ion batteries show an initial capacity of 380.17 mAh/g and a reversible capacity of 244.02 mAh/g. Sodium-ion batteries have an initial capacity of 181.43 mAh/g and a reversible capacity of 160.64 mAh/g, indicating the potential for development as an effective electrode in the future.

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok. Central Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: library@kmutnb.ac.th

Created: 2025

Modified: 2025-10-24

Issued: 2025-10-24

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BibliograpyCitation : In The Chemical Society of Thailand under the Patronage of Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Krom Phra Srisavangavadhana and Suranaree University of Technology. Institute of Science. School of Chemistry. Pure and Applied Chemistry International Conference 2025 (PACCON 2025) (pp.295-299). Bangkok : The Chemical Society of Thailand under the Patronage of Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn Krom Phra Srisavangavadhana in association with the School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 2025

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