Optimization of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil via transesterification using calcium oxide catalyst

Name: Pornsawan Assawasaengrat

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Engineering

Name: Natthapol Nakbun

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Engineering

Name: Atipong Paikamnam

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Engineering

Name: Phusit Prasom

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Engineering

Name: Wasan Chokelarb

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Engineering

Name: Woatthichai Narkrugsa

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Food Industry

Name: Pongsert Sriprom

Organization : King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. School of Food Industry

Email : pornsawan.as@kmitl.ac.th

keyword: Waste cooking oil

LCSH: Biodiesel

LCSH: Transesterification

LCSH: Lime

Abstract: Biodiesel is primarily derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, and cooking oils. When these materials react with methanol and use acids, bases, or enzymes as catalysts, biodiesel are produced. Base-catalyzed transesterification is the most widely used method due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity. This research aims to study the optimization of biodiesel synthesis from waste cooking oil via transesterification using calcium oxide catalyst. The experiment was created by a Box-Behnken design. The variables affecting the transesterification reaction included temperature (60-70 °C), methanol percentage (30-50% v/v), calcium oxide catalyst (0.856-1.712% wt./v), and reaction time (120-240 min). After that, the chemical and physical properties were analyzed. The optimum reaction condition was a temperature of 70 °C, a reaction time of 240 min, methanol of 50% v/v, and calcium oxide catalyst of 1.712 %wt./v. In this condition, the highest yield of biodiesel was 99.20%. The functional groups of the biodiesel structure were analyzed by FTIR. The results showed that the C=O (Stretching) of the ester in triglyceride was found at a peak of 1743 cm-1. The presence of the C-H (Bending) bond of the methylene group (CH2) and the methyl group (CH3) were found at peak 1466 cm-1 and peak 1438 cm-1, respectively, indicating that the product was actual biodiesel. The physical properties of biodiesel were analyzed and found that the viscosity at 40°C was 5.78 cSt, the acidity was 0.22 mg KOH/g, the water content was 0.0745% wt., the density at 15°C was 0.891 g/cm³, and the flashpoint was at 170 °C

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok. Central Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: library@kmutnb.ac.th

Created: 2025

Modified: 2025-07-23

Issued: 2025-07-23

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BibliograpyCitation : In Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry and Khon Kaen University. Faculty of Engineering. The 34th Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry International Conference (TIChE 2025) (TIChE 2025 TIChE-CR-14). Bangkok : Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 2025

eng

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