Bio-fuel production from waste cooking oil using pyrolysis technique

Name: Warintorn Banchapattanasakda

keyword: Pyrolysis

; Waste cooking oil

; Activated carbon

; Liquid bio-oil

; Catalysts

; Response surface methodology

Abstract: In this study, the activated carbon (AC) was used as a catalyst in a lab-scale pyrolysis process to convert the waste cooking oil (WCO), which was produced in a large amount each year and causes many environmental issues, into more valuable hydrocarbon fuels. The pyrolysis process was performed with WCO and AC in an oxygen-free batch reactor at room pressure. The effects of process temperature and activated carbon dosage (AC to WCO ratio) on the yield and composition are discussed systematically. Direct pyrolysis experimental results showed that WCO pyrolyzed at 425 oC yielded 81.7 wt.% bio-oil. When AC was used as a catalyst, a temperature of 400°C and 1:40 AC:WCO ratio were the optimum conditions for the maximum hydrocarbon bio-oil yield of 83.5 and diesel-like fuel of 45 wt.%, investigated by boiling point distribution. Compared to biodiesel and diesel properties, bio-oil has a high calorific value (40.20 kJ/g) and density at 899 kg/m3, which are within the bio-diesel standard range, thus demonstrating potential use as a liquid bio-fuel after certain upgradation processes. To understand the effect of AC on liquid bio-oil more, the BET surface area of AC was also studied. The optimum energy conversion operating conditions were determined for liquid bio-oil production from waste cooking oil (WCO) pyrolysis using activated carbon (AC) as the catalyst. Liquid bio-oil was produced by thermo-cracking activation in the pyrolysis process using technique of response surface methodology (RSM). The most influential factor in each experimental design response was identified by analysis of variance (ANOVA). A second-order polynomial equation was developed based on the central composite design (CCD) to correlate the variable factors for one response as the yield of liquid bio-oil. RSM based on a three-variable CCD was used to determine the impacts of process temperature (375-425 oC), proportion of AC:WCO ratio (1:40, 1:30, 1:20) and BET surface area (500-1,000 m2/g). The optimum condition for producing liquid bio-oil with highest energy conversion from catalytic WCO pyrolysis based on RSM equation was a process temperature 425 oC, AC:WCO 1:40 and BET surface area 757.58 m2/g, giving maximum energy conversion 93.41%. While, the experiment results showed the optimum condition at 425 oC, AC:WCO 1:40 and BET surface area 1000 m2/g, giving maximum energy conversion 88.14% with diesel-like fuel 40 wt.%. The study revealed that the major impact on yield of liquid bio-oil was determined as the process temperature, optimum AC dosage and BET surface area promoted the thermal cracking of WCO but defined as non-significant parameter on liquid bio-oil yield in terms of energy conversion

Thammasat University. Thammasat University Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: preserv@tu.ac.th

Name: Malee Santikunaporn

Role: advisor

Created: 2024

Modified: 2024-11-23

Issued: 2024-11-23

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

DOI: 10.14457/TU.the.2023.432

eng

DegreeName: Master of Engineering

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Energy and Environmental Technology Management

Grantor: Thammasat University

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