Aquatic fungi biodiversity, classification, and online databaes

Name: Calabon, Mark Seasat

keyword: Aquatic fungi websites

MeSH: Aquatic fungi -- 289914

Classification :.DDC: e-Theses

; Freshwater fungi, Marine fungi, Phylogenetic analysis, Salt marsh fungi, Taxonomy

MeSH: Freshwater fungi -- 223449

MeSH: Marine fungi -- 227369

MeSH: Fungi -- 289915

MeSH: Fungi -- Classification -- 52208

MeSH: Taxonomy -- 289916

LCSH: Aquatic fungi -- 289914

LCSH: Freshwater fungi -- 223449

LCSH: Marine fungi -- 227369

LCSH: Fungi -- 289915

LCSH: Fungi -- Classification -- 52208

Abstract: Our knowledge on aquatic fungi has expanded exponentially for almost century and a half of research. The classification system has been updated by using molecular phylogenetics coupled with morphology, following the one fungus=one name ruling. In addition to barcoding of nuclear ribosomal regions (ITS, LSU, SSU), protein-coding genes were added for a better resolution of the phylogenetic tree and resolving the evolutionary relationships of closely related taxa. These resulted in a well-defined classification scheme for aquatic fungi that is unceasingly changing as the continuous exploration of various aquatic habitats in tropical and temperate countries lead to the discovery of novel aquatic fungal taxa and recollection of taxa wherein phylogenetic placement is unknown. Despite all this published information, our knowledge of aquatic fungi is still limited and mostly neglected by many researchers. The exploration of aquatic habitats in Thailand in the present work resulted in discoveries of novel fungi from Dothideomycetes (six species under Pleosporales) [Halobyssothecium bambusicola (Lentitheciaceae), Camposporium dulciaquae (Melanommataceae), Brunneofusispora hyalina (Occultibambusaceae), Wicklowia phuketensis (Wicklowiaceae)], Sordariomycetes (one genus Neoxylomyces, three species) [Rattania aquatica (Chaetosphaeriaceae), Neoxylomyces multiseptatus (Phyllachorales genera incertae sedis), Phaeoacremonium thailandense (Togninia-ceae), and Ascomycota genera incertae sedis (one species Mycoenterolobium aquadictyosporium). The sequence data for Mycoenterolobium was obtained and their closed affinity with Testudinaceae was elucidated. Since the morphology of Mycoenterolobium and taxa under Testudinaceae are vastly different, we placed the latter in Pleosporales incertae sedis until further taxon sampling is undertaken. The collection of plant substates from aquatic habitats in Thailand, the UK, and Sweden resulted in the isolation of novel Lentitheciaceae species wherein two genera, Halobyssothecium and Lentithecium, were assessed and revised. Three novel Halobyssothecium species were introduced (H. bambusicola, H. phragmitis, H. versicolor), and transfer of L. cangshanense, L. carbonneanum, L. kunmingense, L. unicellulare, and L. voraginesporum to Halobyssothecium. Collection of an asexual morph of L. lineare and phylogenetic analysis confirmed its taxonomic placement in Keissleriella. In the present work, the taxonomic outline of salt marsh fungi is provided with 486 taxa listed in this ecosystem. Ascomycota dominates the taxa from salt marsh ecosystems accounting for 95.27% (463 taxa), followed by Basidiomycota (19 taxa), and Mucoromycota with four taxa. Juncus roemerianus has been extensively studied for its associates with 162 documented taxa, followed by Phragmites australis (137 taxa) and Spartina alterniflora (79 taxa). The highest number of salt marsh fungi have been recorded from Atlantic Ocean countries, wherein the USA had the highest number of species recorded (232 taxa), while China (165 taxa) and India (16 taxa) had the highest number of salt marsh fungi in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, respectively. The classification of basal and higher freshwater fungi has been updated, and numbers were provided based on the scattered taxonomic papers and biodiversity studies. Freshwater fungal taxa listed in this study total to 3,870 species with representatives from 13 phyla: Ascomycota (2,968 species, 1,018 genera), Chytridio-mycota (333 species, 97 genera), Rozellomycota (221 species, 105 genera), Basidiomycota (218 species, 100 genera), Blastocladiomycota (47 species, ten genera), Monoblepharomycota (29 species, six genera), Mucoromycota (19 species, ten genera), Aphelidiomycota (15 species, three genera), Entomophthoromycota (six species, four genera), Mortierellomycota (five species, three genera), Olpidiomycota (four species, one genus), Zoopagomycota (three species, two genera), and Sanchy-triomycota (two species, two genera). The website https://freshwaterfungi.org/ is developed in the present work to amass scattered published information of freshwater fungi in one online platform and provide up-to-date information for all taxa. Furthermore, the author, together with other curators, also periodically updates the classification of marine fungi on the website https://marinefungi.org/. Though it is not included in the succeeding chapters, these open access websites contain essential information on the updated accounts of aquatic fungal classifications.

LCSH: Taxonomy -- 289916

Mae Fah Luang University. Learning Resources and Educational Media Center

Address: CHIANG RAI

Email: library@mfu.ac.th

Name: Hyde Kevin David

Role: Advisor

Created: 2021

Modified: 2022-08-10

Issued: 2022-08-10

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: e-Theses

eng

DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophy

Level: Doctoral Degree

Descipline: Biological Sciences

Grantor: Mae Fah Luang University

©copyrights Mae Fah Luang University

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