Abstract:
This study aims to investigate cellulolytic and amylolytic fungi to improve nutrition values of forage crops and application in production of cattle feed. The results of this study were able to collect 86 isolates from soil in agricultural areas included 41 cellulolytic fungi and 45 amylolytic fungi. Aspergillus terreus C 4.1.1 was the best cellulolytic fungus which produced Total cellulase, Exo-glucanase, Endo-glucanase, B-glucosidase and Xylanase that were achieved at 0.039 t0.003 U/ml, 0.019+0.002 U/ml, 0.090+0.004 U/ml, 0.074+0.013 U/ml and 0.247+0.023 U/ml, respectively. Rhizopus spp. S 1.2.6 was the best of amylolytic fungus and showed as 0.603+0.002 U/ml. The effects of selected temperature between 30-80 *C and pH 5.5 on enzyme activity were studied. The results obtained within the limit of the experimental conditions showed an optimal temperature of 60 'C. The stability of both enzymes was studied, the enzymes solution was stable at 30 'C over which a gradual inactivation occurred the optimal temperature at 60 'C. A rapid loss of 50% relative enzymatic activities were occurred after 3 days. When the cellulolytic fungus A. terreus C 4.1.1 was used for maize silage processing (roughages) and amylolytic fungus Rhizopus spp. S 1.2.6 was used for cassava silage processing (concentrate). Three inoculum treatments included 0.1% of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), 0.05% of LAB + 0.05% of molass, and 0.1% of fungal culture (A. terreus C 4.1.1 for maize and Rhizopus spp. S 1.2.6 for cassava root) were used in silage processing at 60% moisture and ambient temperature. For maize silage, sample treated with LAB + Molass and A. terreus C 4.1.1 statistically significant increasing in lactic acid content to 1.81% and 1.71% within 21 days, 2.10% and 2.17% within 60 days when compare with other treatments. Moreover, cassava treated with Rhizopus spp. S 1.2.6 showed nutritional values more than the other experiments, especially the highest crude protein content was 2.42% and lactic acid was 3.70%. In conclude, the supplementation in silage processing with molass, LAB, cellulolytic and amylolytic fungi are feasible processes to enrich nutrition content and improve the quality for forage crops.