Abstract:
The introduction of upland rice varieties of Chumphon province used in the production of E-San sausage to increase value of products project divided into 2 experiments. The objectives of the first experiment were study nutritional components and antioxidant properties of 10 upland rice varieties (brown rice : Phu khao thong, Leb nok, Leb mue nahng, Dowk pa yom, Dowk kham, Nang dam, Sam duean, Mae pheung, Ga dam ton dam, Ga dam ton khiaw and polished rice : Sam duean). The results revealed that Mae pheung, Nang dam, Leb nok, Ga dam ton dam, Sam duean and Leb mue nahng revealed the highest moisture, carbohydrate, energy, protein, fat and ash content, respectively. The antioxidant activities of six tradition rice varieties were analyzed for antioxidant activities using total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical cation scavenging activity and reducing power. The result displayed that the highest antioxidant activity of upland rice was observed in Dokham, Dokha and Nangdam, respectively. The second experiment implemented to compare the quality and safety of E-San sausage from 3 upland rice in southern part of Thailand (Nang dam, Dowk kham and Dowk kha) between Thai jasmine rice which from obtained market and commercial brand. The results showed that the E-San sausage from 3 upland rice showed higher lactic acid bacteria with no significance different (P>0.05). However, the result showed the lower pH and higher total acidity than Thai jasmine rice group (P<0.05). The outstanding redness was found in E-San sausage made with 3 local upland rice compared to Thai jasmine rice (P<0.05). Pathogenic bacteria in E-San sausage all groups were not observed after fermentation process. E-San sausage made with local upland rice revealed higher antioxidant activity than Thai jasmine rice (P<0.05) and the highest antioxidant activity was demonstrated in E-San sausage made with Dokham rice. For quality and safety of E-San sausage with different fermentation process, physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory properties were determined. It was found that the fermentation process by vacuum 30˚C for 4 day show the best quality of E- San sausage.