Effect of Temperature, Organic Loading Rate and Chitosan Addition on Microbial Diversity in Palm Oil Mill Eflluent Anaerobic Digestion

Name: Maneerat Khemkhao

keyword: chitosan

Abstract: The effects of temperature, organic loading rate and chitosan addition on the microbial diversity of granules in UASB reactor producing biogas from palm oil mill effluent (POME) were investigated. Three UASB reactors were run in parallel for comparison: (1) mesophilic condition (R1), (2) thermophilic condition (R2) and (3) thermophilic condition with chitosan addition at the dosage of 2 mg chitosan per g volatile suspended solids on the first day of the operation (R3). The PCR-based DGGE analysis showed that the microbial population profiles significantly changed with the temperature transition from mesophilic (37 C) to thermophilic conditions (57 C). The results also suggested that the operational and environmental conditions were suitable for the proliferation of microorganisms in the POME. In addition, the results suggested that even though the thermophilic temperature of 57 C was suitable for a number of hydrolytic, acidogenic and acetogenic bacteria, it may not be suitable for some Methanosaeta species acclimatized from 37 C. Specifically, the bands associated with M. thermophila PT and M. harundinacea can be detected during the four consecutive operation phases of 37 C, 42 C, 47 C and 52 C, but their corresponding bands were found to fade out at 57 C. The DGGE analysis predicted that the temperature transition can result in significant biomass washout at 57 C. Problems associated with biomass washout can be reduced by enhancing sludge granulation in a UASB reactor. 16S rRNA targeted DGGE fingerprinting of microbial community indicated the archaeal communities in the reactors with and without chitosan addition were different. Some methanogens in the order Methanosarcinales and Methanosaeta thermophila PT were found to be more prolific in R3 than in R2. M.harundinacea can be detected in R3 during the entire time of reactor operation, but not in R2. A possible effect of chitosan is that it may enhance the adhering capacities of some methanogens in the genus Methanosaeta, resulting in higher population of acetotrophic methanogen and lower biomass washout from R3

King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library

Address: BANGKOK

Email: info.lib@mail.kmutt.ac.th

Name: Chantaraporn Phalakornkule

Role: Advisor

Created: 2010

Modified: 2012-01-05

Issued: 2555-01-03

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: JGSEE241

eng

DegreeName: Master of Science

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Energy Technology

Grantor: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

©copyrights King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

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