Abstract:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important problem of public health in Thailand. Patients with CKD have been reported to be at risk of adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interaction since CKD may be associated with alteration of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme in the liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CKD on the function of hepatic CYP3A and the expression of CYP3A11 gene in mice. ICR mice were randomized to the CKD 2 weeks group and CKD 4 weeks group. CKD was induced by ligating renal artery of left kidney for 50 minutes then right nephrectomy was performed 7 days afterwards. Fourteen days or twenty-eight days later, mice were sacrificed. Serum samples were collected to measure serum creatinine levels using QuantichromTM Creatinine assay kit. Liver tissue was harvested to measure CYP3A activity and CYP3A11 gene expression using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quantitative real-time RT-PCR, respectively. Serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in the 2 and 4 weeks CKD groups compared with control groups (0.816 ± 0.21 compared to 0.359 ± 0.10 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.01; 0.478 ± 0.03 compared to 0.295 ± 0.03 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.01). Using testosterone as a CYP3A substrate, hepatic CYP3A activity of 2 and 4 weeks CKD groups were reduced by 50.60% and 54.96%, respectively, compared with controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Using midazolam as a CYP3A substrate, hepatic CYP3A activity of 2 and 4 weeks CKD groups were reduced by 66.48% and 46.51%, respectively, compared with controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, CPY3A11 gene expression of 2 and 4 weeks CKD groups were reduced by 97.53% and 82.65%, respectively, compared with controls (p < 0.05). These data demonstrated that a reduction of the activity of CYP3A enzyme and CPY3A11 gene expression in CKD-induced mice. These results suggested that further studies on the pharmacokinetics properties of drugs that are substrates of CYP3A are of interest in CKD-induced mice.