Education in emergency: a case study of the jeyang internal displaced community, Kachin State, Myanmar

การศึกษาในภาวะฉุกเฉิน: กรณีศึกษาชุมชนเจยังพลัดถิ่นภายในประเทศ รัฐคะฉิ่น ประเทศเมียนมาร์

Name: Ja San Ra

ThaSH: Education -- Burma

Classification :.DDC: 370.9591

ThaSH: Educational assistance

Abstract: The country of Myanmar has been plagued by bitter civil war and successive brutal regimes during pre- and post-independence period. In 2011, the collapse of a 17 year-long 1994 ceasefire agreement and resumption of armed conflict between the Kachin Independence Army (KIA), the military wing of the Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), and Myanmar’s government Army (Tatmadaw) resulted in displacement of an estimated 120,000 people within the Kachin State and northern Shan State. This thesis examines the Jeyang IDPs camp and focuses on initiative taken by the camp community, in cooperation with the KIO education department, for the development and provision of adequate education opportunity to children of the community. The Jeyang IDPs camp is under the administrative control of KIO and wellbeing of IDPs are taken responsible by the KIO administrative control and its Department of General administration assumes responsibility for the wellbeing of all IDPs living in the camp, including provision of education to the Jeyang camp community. The aim of this research is to explore current on-goin KIO management of education in emergencies and Jeyang IDPs participation in the process of creating school-based education for their community. This research provides background and analysis of the process of Kachin education development alongside efforts of the Kachin people to gain political self- determination, specifically through presentation of research and discussion concerning KIO management of education in the Jeyang camp, and its over time which led to the education setting that is present today in the Jeyang IDPs camp community. Discussion includes a historical background of education establishment in the Kachin region, and characterizes community participation in the education setting which demonstrated the positive effect of community initiative for education in IDPs camp. The IDPs’ community, without any formal Myanmar mainstream education connection, has cooperated on initiatives leading to creation of school-based education in the Jeyang IDPs camp. In addition, I examine existing complications within the Kachin education system in the IDPs community and resulting consequences for the teaching and learning process which intertwine with the IDPs community participation and securement of wellbeing for IDPs teachers, and education availability and accessibility within the Kachin region. The Kachin peoples’ effort for provision of education in emergencies was often disrupted by political disputes between the KIO and Myanmar military. Meaningful insight regarding the causes and implications of internal displacement, in general, allows for understanding how Kachin internal displacement has occurred due to political and territorial disputes and provides an appreciation of the ways KIO education management has been negatively affected during periods of political tension. The story of the decades-long Kachin educational process encompasses not only progressive changes in the KIO education setting, but it is also a tale of the Kachin people’s resolution and adaptability during a long period of armed conflict, change and transformation. This also demonstrated that the current Kachin education system adapted to accommodate the diverse needs of students facing problems concerning access to the Myanmar government’s mainstream education system and insufficient available opportunity for further or advanced education upon completion of basic education programs offered tuition-free to most Kachin students. This research also illustrates Kachin State local government obstruction of international humanitarian assistance aid which severely and adversely affects the wellbeing of IDPs, including the hindrance of effective education management in KIO controlled areas. This research underscores the importance of Jeyang IDPs initiatives taken to create the educational setting in the camp community and describes creative solutions implemented by the community, KIO education department and CBOs in an effort to provide critically needed secure learning spaces for community children. The Jeyang IDPs camp is one of the largest in the Kachin region. Examination of education implementation of the Jeyang IDPs camp is important due to the community’s unique early commitment to place high priority on solutions for children’s education in emergency through community cooperation and initiatives.

Chiang Mai University Library

Address: Chiang Mai

Email: cmulibref@cmu.ac.th

Name: Paul T. Cohen

Role: Chairman

Name: Kwanche Buadaeng

Role: Member

Name: Rangsima Wiwatwongwana

Role: Member

Created: 2016

Modified: 2019-12-26

Issued: 2019-12-26

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

CallNumber: Th 370.9591 J111E 2016

eng

DegreeName: Master of Arts

Level: Master's Degree

Descipline: Social Science

Grantor: Chiang Mai University

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