การประเมินผลกระทบของการใช้น้ำทิ้งจากโรงงานผลิตแป้งมันสำปะหลังเพื่อการปลูกยูคาลิปตัส

Impact Assessment of The Utilization of Wastewater from Tapioca Industry for Eucalyptus Plantation

Name: กิตติมา ไกรพีรพรรณ

Name: Kittima Kraipeerapun

Organization : มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี

keyword: ผลกระทบจากมลพิษทางน้ำ

; คุณภาพน้ำทิ้ง

; โรงงานผลิตแป้งมันสำปะหลัง

Abstract: This study investigated the feasibility and impact of using wastewater released fiomtapioca factories for imgating eucalyptus plantation. The factory (Ammadas Charnpee Ltd.) waslocated at Arnphore Sikeu, Nakonratchasima province, and the experiment was carried out duringFebruary 1997 to November 1998 using a randomized complete block design. These experimentswere divided into three parts . First, the quality of the wastewater released from the factory wasexamined fiom the treatment ponds before being evaluated for its potential use in agriculture.The second part involved the examination of the effect of wastewater from aerobic ponds oneucalyptus plantations , particularly on changes in chemical properties of soil and growth ofeucalyptus. The third part was to estimate the economic benefit of re-using wastewater foreucalyptus plantations. The results suggested that wastewater treatment using natural open ponds can reduce theamount of BOD, COD, nitrogen , ammonium-nitrogen, orthophosphate, total solids, suspendedsolids, and total dissolved solids at 97.4 ,97.1 ,9 1.3 ,74.3 , 83.5 , 66.0 , 82.8 and 61.5 % duringthe operating process, and at 82.6 , 77.4 , 9 1.0 , 86.0 , 8 1.0 , 26.2 , 43.5 and 27.3 % during thenon-operating process, respectively. The U.S. Salinity Laboratory and FA0 guidelines were usedfor evaluation of the water quality. All ponds were then categorized : the fermentative pondswere classified as C4-S1 class whereas the facultative ponds and the aerobic ponds wereconsidered C3-S1 and C4-S1 classes during the operating process. The fermentative andfacultative ponds were classified as C4-S1 and C3-Sl during the non-operating process, theaerobic ponds were classified as C3-S1. The wastewater released from tapioca factory haveelectrical conductivity values and sodium absorption ratios at a level that is acceptable forirrigation. It also contains high level of nutrients that are useful for plants such as potassium ,orthophosphate , calcium and magnesium. However, the wastewater fiom anaerobic ponds hadpH values as low as 4.0 to 4.2 and were high in suspended solids , BOD and COD. This isusually not suitable for irrigation. The wastewater from facultative and aerobic ponds had higherquality and probably suitable for agricultural irrigation. Nevertheless , the alkalinity of thefacultative pond water is lower than the standard range that is suitable for irrigation. Thus, pHappeared to be a major constraint on using this water for irrigation. A comparison between thelast open pond with the previous pond did not show significant differences in chemical properties, and all had high levels of nitrogen , available phosphorus , potassium , calcium andmagnesium. The pH values ranged between 7.7 and 9.7. The use of wastewater from the aerobicponds at the eucalyptus plantation increased the amount of sodium and calcium in the soilsignificantly. The method of irrigation also affected soil chemistry. The results also showed thatflood irrigation can increase the amount of sodium , calcium , potassium , magnesium , totalnitrogen , organic matter , available phosphorus as well as increased the cation exchangeablecapacity , pH value and the electrical conductivity. Eucalyptus trees irrigated with 720,000 litresper rai (1,600 m2) of wastewater annually were not significantly different in girth measured atbreast height fiom those eucalyptus irrigated with 20,800 litres per rai. Moreover , using thiswastewater for three years and six months at the eucalyptus plantation, did not increase soilsalinity in the area. In conclusion, it is possible to use tapioca industry wastewater for eucalyptusplantations. From the economic analysis , by re-using this water , a tapioca factory can reduceboth the total investment and the annual operating cost as much as 11.8 %. This saving wasaccounted for the income fiom trading the eucalyptus trees cut after a 4 Year cycle.

มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี

Address: กรุงเทพมหานคร

Email: info.lib@mail.kmutt.ac.th

Name: สุดารัตน์ ตรีเพชรกุล

Role: อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา

Name: รศ.ดร. มรกต ตันติเจริญ

Role: อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา

Created: 2542

Issued: 2007-02-14

Modified: 2558-04-18

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

ISBN: 9746246763

CallNumber: NRM11

tha

DegreeName: วิทยาศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต

Level: ปริญญาโท

Descipline: การจัดการทรัพยากรชีวภาพ

Grantor: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าธนบุรี

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