ครองศักดา ภัคธนกกนก. Molecular Modeling of Active Centre Characteristics of Cysteine Proteinases. Doctoral Degree(Biochemical Technology). King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. KMUTT Library. : King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2009.
Molecular Modeling of Active Centre Characteristics of Cysteine Proteinases
Abstract:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus Main Cysteine Proteinase (SARS
CoVMpro) and Falcipain-3 (FP3) are the target proteinase for drug development against
severe acute respiratory syndrome and malaria, respectively. In this research, there were
selected to study the characteristics of its active site through molecular modeling. The
purpose of this study is to simulate the interaction between these enzymes and their
substrates. Conformations of both enzymes were adjusted to their equilibrium by
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique. The binding mechanism of the SARS
CoVMpro with octapeptide substrate was predicted by molecular docking. Behavior of
the SARS CoVMpro-octapeptide complexes was determined with MD simulation in
water and ion system. Free energy binding, root mean square deviation (RMSD) and
root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) were calculated for analysis the conformation
change during simulation. The results proposed twenty three amino acids were proposed
to be important residues for substrate binding. Residues 40-50 and 180-190 of SARS
CoVMpro dimer, both free and complex forms, were shown to have high flexible chains
during simulation. Glutamic acid residues 47 and 166 are critical side chain for
substrate and inhibitor binding in S3 subsite. S2 subsite of SARS CoVMpro conserved
with amino acid of Phenylalanine similar to other cysteine proteinases. The octapeptide
substrate, Ser-Ala-Trp-Phe-Gln-Ser-Gly-Phe, was shown to have high specific rather
than Ser-Ala-Val-Leu-Gln-Ser-Gly-Phe based on MD simulation.
In case of FP3, the equilibrated conformation was selected for virtual screening study.
Small ligand molecules were selected from ZINC database. The interaction between
FP3 and all ligands were predicted by flexible docking including minimization. From
the results, top 100 ligands ranked from free energy binding were collected for analysis.
MD simulation revealed the S subsite of FP3 was fully exposed to the solvent during
simulation. This behavior was proposed to be an active conformation of FP3 in real
system. Position of S and S' subsite were clearly classified based on molecular docking
and virtual screening. In the active site of FP3, residues 43-52, 90-96, 180-183, 160-164
and 212-219 were suitable for small ligands binding. The results indicated that more
than 60% ofthe active small molecules preferred S rather than that S' subsite.