Abstract:
The Fifth National Social and Economic Development Plan (2525-2529 B.E.), the major national development policy emphasized on promoting the local and provincial development according to their need and production potentiality by using the provincial development plan as a major tool. Also the rural development has embarked on new approach in identifying the common rural area and rural poverty area in order that the priority of development could be concentraded on those rural poverty areas. Suratthani has not rural poverty area. Suratthani is one of the Southern Regions province which has the largest area and rich of Natural Resources endowment : Forestry mineral, fishery, tourism resources etc. Suratthanis large land suitable for agriculture and located at the midpoint between Bangkok and Lower Southern Region which has a lot of comfortable communication Not only those reasons but also Suratthani is one of the region,s growth poles city according to the Ministry of Intirior and from the study of National economic and Social Development Board in the Upper-Southern Part development report, recommended an important sole of Suratthani will become a southern base of the seabord industrial development along the Gulf of Thailand and linkage to Eastern Sealsord Industries. All those reasons show the high development potential of Suratthani. In this study has chosen Suratthani as a case study of the guide line study for Suratthani Structure Plan. The objective of this study are:- 1. Physical features of Suratthani 2. Economic, Social, Population and basic service structure and its changes. Potential of Urban and rural Development. 4. Suratthanis structure of major problem. Methodology 1. Urban hierarchy and Urban development : This study used correlation Matrix for point evaluation which considered from physical, correlation Matrix for point evaluation which considered from physical, economic, social and basic services of those cities for urban hierarchy and Gravity Model for Urbans himterland. 2. The existing and potential of rural development : In this study used Factor Analysis, according to the 24 variables, their influent factor affected the physical, economic and social base in the spatial development in Suratthanis rural. This study was computed by computer in SPSS Program. The find out of the study 1, 2 and the important role of Suratthani from The National, Sub-regional planning will show the trend and pattern of development in accordance to the provinces potentiality. Findings. From the studies, the agriculture is the basic production of Suratthani but it growth has a downward trend because of its low productivity and efficiency which come from low intensive cultivation, forestry and fishery have been suffering from over exploitation in recent years. Agriculture developments is mostly on area expansion rather than by technology or resources improvement. Others production; Industries, most of them are Agro-Industries which have undiversified base and its changed only slightly (2521-2525 B.E.) but the opportunity of industrial development is very high because of her rich natural resources and comfortable communication. While Trade and Service growth have upward trend. General peeblir infra structure are sub-standard. Humen settlement and urban hierarchy :- Community system of Suratthani is primate city which Muag Suratthani Municipality is the biggest community of the province Their havent intermediate city or minor communities that should function as the real center of rural area around them. The urban heirachy are : 1st order center Muang Suratthani Municipality 2nd order center Thakham Sanitary district (Pun Pin) 3rd order center Ban na som Municipality, Ko Samai and Wiangsa Sanitary district 4th order center Talad Chai Ya Sanitary district 5th order center Thachang, Banna, Kanchanadit, Donsak, Thakanon, Yandindeang, Thathongmai, Pumreang, Thachana, Khiansa, Phanom, Khaowong. For minor communities which are Bam na San municipality, Thakham, Kosmui, Wengsa and Chaiya sanitary districts, They should be self-con-tained nodes of linking and distributing development to other areas. The summary of Rural existing and potentiality of rural development :- Group 1 This is the area of Conservation forest because it necessary for erosion control and watershed protections while it existing land use is primary forest. Target areas belong to this category are the area in the west side of Ampoe; Thachana, Chaiya, Thachang, Khiriratthanikom, Bantakhum and Phanom. Group 2, 3, 4 The rural existing of these 3 categories are similar. These are the areas of agriculture and plantation development, its landuse capability belongs to suitable for tree crop and paddy which its existing land use are low intensiveness. By generally, tumbols in this case are lack of basic service and public infrastructure. The area in this case are in the middle part of the province in Ampoe Muang Suratthani, Punpin, Chaiya, Thachang, Thachana, Kanchanadit, Donsak, Bannasan and King Bannadoem. In the central low land; Khiansa, Wiangsa, Phrasong and King Chaibury. Group 5, 6 In this 2 categories, the existing of rural development are better than 4 groups before. The tumbol in this case have common boundaries with as well as easy access to urban area and they have mighty heigh or heigh in potentiality of industrial development. There are 10 tumbols in this case; Thachana (Thachana), Thakanon (Khiriratthanikom), Banna (King Bannadoem), Ban song (Wiangsa) Angthong and Lipanoi (Kosamui), Watphado, Bang Kung and Makhamtia (Muang) and Thakham (Punpim). The provinces development guidelines Economic espects Agriculture : to uplift agriculture polentiality of Suratthani by improving quality of production, production process and technology, for example, intensification land use, irrigation, high yield plant. The pattern of agriculture development are 1. Improving land Use structure, the pattern of land development are :- A. Case of conservation forest and reforestation area The area is define as watershed conseration function and erosion control. Most of them are in the west side of the province. B. This is a suitable land for productive promotion, productivity should be raised by intensive cultivation all the year long and by introducing irrigation, ferilization. The area in this case are in the plan area around the sea coast and the central low land. C. Aquaculture promotion area, which isto be promoted both in land and sea water. In sea water suitable land for fish farming are the sea side in Ampoe Chaiyo, Thachang, Khanchanadit and Donsak. Its very important to zoning the aquaculture area because of environment damage. 2. Implanting knowledges of modern production techniques, as well as resources protection and conservation to the agriculturists by taking area differences into consideration. 3. Developing efficient local market system. Industry. It should be developed together with agricultural production uplifting of the province. Promotion and development on the basis of local resource-based industries such as processing of rubber, palm oil, sea food and fruit canning, and wervicing industries for the resource-based industries. Suratthani side will develop to industrial city by making use of its resource and locational advantages. Tourism. For tourism promotion and environmental maintenance, it is recommended to enforce the tourism zoning linked with land use control, investment incentive and public, -private cose sharing. Strengthening of TAT is needed. Social and basis cervice aspicts. 1. To develop and improve public social services like education, public utilities to reach the target by distributing such services to himterland of every cities. 2. To promote people participation in local planning and development. 3. To boost role and function of tambon councils as the local development centers next to ampoes. Community development. 1. Muang Suratthani Municipality area should be provided for the future important activities to meet the population demand as 2. To promote each sanitary district can help itself, link and distribution the activity of development. Especeally, Thakham sanitary district, Bannasan municipality, Kosamui, Wiangsa and Chaiya sanitary district. This guide line study is some bases for provincial development plan formulation of Suratthani province, according to promoted Suratthanis one of the regional growth poles city. The project indentification which, as a whole, must be inter related and integrated, under circumstances of many factors, e.g. administration, plan implementation budgeting, serious operation and coordination, etc.