Abstract:
This thesis aims to study problems of social security law enforcement for voluntary insurer who has never been employed and to study problem conditions of being a voluntary insurer who has never been employed in terms of criteria for being an insurer, contribution rate, termination of the insured and the benefits. It studies and compares the protection of voluntary insurer who has never employed under the foreign social security laws such as Denmark, Japan and South Korea, to analyze, suggest, improve and correct the deficiencies, and then to develop a social security system for voluntary insurers who have never been employed in Thailand appropriately further.
The result has found that their age has been used as a requirement to apply for the voluntary insurer who has never been employed. This is also not consistent with the aims of social security which requires all people to have some guarantee of stable living. However, the set defined benefits still have less scope to insure when compared to the voluntary insurer who has never been employed in a foreign country and have similar defined benefits or equivalent to the compulsory insurer who has been employed. It includes the contribution rate of the voluntary insurer who has never been employed and set in a fixed form which relates to the insurers benefit, which is a high contribution rate compared to eligible benefits. This also is the principle of ending for the voluntary insurer who has never been employed, does not remove the issue of termination of the insurer from a lack of unpaid contribution rates as a basis for terminating the insurer. This makes the voluntary insurer who has never been employed to lack discipline to pay regular contributions. As a consequence, the applicant cannot claim compensation because he or she has failed to meet the required conditions of unpaid contribution rates in full.
Therefore, the applicable social security law voluntary insurers who have never been employed should be amended by expanding age range of people who are eligible to apply for an voluntary insurer who has never been employed to be at least fifteen years old and not exceeding sixty five years old. If the person is less than fifteen years old, father or mother or legal representative of the person can apply as a voluntary insurer who has never been employed instead, to ensure that all people have secure collateral of living. In addition, the compensation benefit should be added to the scope of coverage is as close as the compulsory insurer who has been employed. Meanwhile, the pattern of contribution rate should be added to be three options to make a variety of compensation benefit increased. And condition of lack of contribution should be taken as criteria of termination for the voluntary insurer who has never been employed to motivate and discipline to pay contributions regularly, in order to the voluntary insurer who has never been employed can receive the compensation benefit in the event of the insurer suffered trouble of living, and it is in line with the social security principle that every citizen should have secure collateral of living.