Abstract:
Sala Karnbarian is an important building in a temple. It is used to conduct general good deeds, to practice religious precepts and to study dharma for monks. Nowadays, the old valuable Sala Karnbarians were abandoned, where as and the new ones are lack of the development of architectural style. The objectives of study for architectural design of Sala Karnbarian in Wat Hong Rattanaram are to learn the development of Sala Karnbarian architectural style and the design criteria of Sala Karnbarian in former times in order to design Sala Karnbarian in Wat Hong Rattanaram, which is of historical importance, and possesses valuable architectures. It is necessary to have Sala Karnbarian specifically for those public activities in the temple. This research includes 87 study cases of royal temples in Bangkok, particularly in layout, mass, usage, structural system and architectural decoration of Sala Karnbarian. It is found that Sala Karnbarian has been developed its architectural style since the time of King Rama I to the present. The design criteria of Sala Karnbarian are as following. It should be located close to the main entrance in front of Buddha area and not far from the monk area. There should be open space in the same area. Mass design and planning of Sala Karnbarian are setup according to its uses. Sala Khwang, front and rare PORCH or lower porch are added to the main hall in difference ways cause difference architectural form. The use of Sala Karnbarian is now more complex than in the past, hence more services must be added, especially toilets and storage rooms. At the present, reinforce concrete structure is used in stead of wood and masonry structure. However, the column and wall positions are constructed as in the past. The architectural decoration is done mostly on the roof decoration and pediment. Interior decoration is made mostly on the ceiling. Pictures of Buddha story are painted at the frieze or as picture frame on the wall.