Effect of bee propolis from two regions of Thailand on experimental infecttion of apis florea with nosema ceranae

Name: Samrit Maksong

keyword: Apis florea

; Infectivity

; Ventriculus

; Mortality

; Nosema

Abstract: The microsporiadian gut parasite, Nosema ceranae is now considered to be an emerging infectious disease of the European honey bee, Apis mellifera. This pathogen is globally distributed and is suspected to be displacing the less virulent N. apis. Only one antibiotic, Fumagillin, is commonly available to combat Nosema infections. Therefore, there is a high probability for antibiotic resistance to develop as this single antibiotic treatment does not completely rid the colonies of infections and its use is likely to rise with the rapid spread N. ceranae infections around the world. Moreover, there is a need to develop alternative treatment methods because Fumagillin is toxic to mammals, contaminates honey, and does not ready degrade over time, raising concerns of it potential to damage human health. Recently, natural product extracts have been demonstrated to be effective at reducing Nosema loads in infected honey bees. I am therefore interested the effects of propolis, a plant resin collected from introduced honey bee of Thailand, A. mellifera and from native stingless bee, Trigona apicalis that has antimicrobial properties, on its ability to reduce N. ceranae infection loads in the red dwarf honey bee, A. florea, a native honey bee species of Thailand. Newly emerged Nosema-free adult bees were individually inoculated with two microliter of 50 % (w/v) sucrose solution in distilled water containing 80, 000 spores per bee. These caged bees were then fed a treatment consisting of 50 % and 70 % propolis extract of A. melliera collected from Chiang Mai province and Chantaburi provinces compared to those of propolis extracts of T. apicalis collected from those same regions. The negative controls, Nosema-free bees without propolis, and positive control, infected bees without propolis were also investigated. All propolis treated bees had significantly lower infection loads and had higher survival in comparison to untreated bees. In addition, propolis treated bees had significantly hypopharyneal gland protein content compared to those of controls. No different effects were found among all four propolis ethanoic extracts in this study. This occurrence might because of the main composition of all extract were quite similar which were (3β)-9, 19- cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol, hexadecanoic acid, and 3-pentadecylphenol. Propolis extract treatment could therefore be considered as a possible viable alternative to Fumagillin. This natural product deserves further exploration to develop it as a possible alternative to combat the ever growing N. ceranae infections spreading around the world.

Burapha University. Library

Address: CHONBURI

Email: buulibrary@buu.ac.th

Name: Guntima Suwannapong

Role: Principal advisor

Name: Mark Eric Benbos

Role: Co-advisor

Created: 2016

Modified: 2565-07-26

Issued: 2016-08-19

วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis

application/pdf

eng

DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophy

Level: Doctoral Degree

Descipline: Biological Science

Grantor: Burapha University

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