Thawatchai Buathip. การพัฒนากระบวนการผลิตไบโอดีเซลแบบต่อเนื่องจากน้ำมันปาล์มโดยใช้โซเดียมคาร์บอเนตบนเซรามิกริงค์เป็นตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาและอาศัยการให้ความร้อนด้วยพลังงานไมโครเวฟ. Master's Degree(Civil and Engineering). WALAILAK UNIVERSITY. CENTER FOR LIBRARY RESOURCES AND EDUCATIONAL MEDIA. : Walailak University, 2559.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to develop a process for biodiesel production from palm oil and methanol in which sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) supported on ceramic rings, prepared by the impregnation technique, was used as the catalyst. Additionally, microwave was utilized in the direct heating of the reaction system. Batch study tests found that the transesterification reaction could convert palm oil to biodiesel at 96.11% conversion at 64 °C when using molar ratio between palm oil to methanol of 18:1 with 45%wt Na2CO3/Ceramic rings. The agitation was kept constant at 600 rpm. Methyl ester (biodiesel) yield increased with the increasing reaction time. However, it tended to reach a plateaus when the reaction time was increased more than 5 hours. The kinetics study under describes conditions reported that the order of the reaction system equals 0.75 with respect to palm oil. The rate constant was found to be 0.013 (g/L)0.25min-1. The packed bed reactor made from polypropylene, having the volume of 5.26 liters and filled with the synthesized catalyst, was designed to study the performance of the system in a continuous mode. At the flow rate of 1 L/hr, the residence time of 210 min was achieve, sufficient to enabling the conversion to 74.0 percent at the fixed temperature of 66 oC. Microwave power was adjusted to be at 400 watts to heat up the reactor and rapidly raise the temperature to a constant of 66 oC previously mentioned. The acidity value of the biodiesel product was analyzed to be 0.45 mgKOH/g which was below the standard value of 0.5 mgKOH/g.
WALAILAK UNIVERSITY. CENTER FOR LIBRARY RESOURCES AND EDUCATIONAL MEDIA