Abstract:
This research was purposed to extract tyrosinase inhibitor from 6 economic fruit shells. They were the shells of banana (Musa sapientum L.), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.), durian (Durio zibethinus L.), mango (Mangifera indica L.), papaya (Carica papaya L.) and mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). Extraction method was performed by using incubator shaker at 150 rpm for 4 h with 95% ethanol as a solvent. The mango shell extract provided the highest extraction yield of 36.58 ± 0.96 %, while the banana shell extract gave the lowest value at 8.31 ± 0.49 %. For phenolic content determination, the rambutan shell extract showed the greatest value of 407.57 ± 1.69 mg GAE/g, while that of papaya was found the lowest value of 18.26 ± 0.13 mg GAE/g.
Tyrosinase inhibitory activity tested by using L-DOPA as a substrate revealed that the mangosteen shell extract exhibited the highest activity with IC50 of 19.88 ± 0.76 μg/mL followed by the extracts from the shells of papaya, mango, durian, rambutan and banana with IC50 of 30.13, 33.18, 34.45, 36.82 and 130.68 μg/mL, respectively. However, all fruit shell extracts showed the lower capacity than that of standard kojic acid which exhibited the IC50 of 7.61 ± 0.01 μg/mL. Stability test at 4, 45 oC and room temperature for 2 months showed all extract possessing phenolic content and tyrosinase inhibition more than 80 % remaining. Storage temperature
was not influent to the active compound stability. Gallic acid, epigallo catechin gallate and catechin gallate were found to be composition in the most extracts when analyzed by HPLC.