Abstract:
The compression bending process is one of the most common processes which have been used to perform the shape of products. However, several prior researches illustrate same basic defects which normally occur in the process, such as spring back after forming force has been removed, wrinkle, dent or, even if, tearing off.
The objective of the research aims to study the influence of lubrications to the processs ability in terms of effects and performance on type of lubrication. Lubrication, which had been used in experiments, can be divided into 3 categories by the aspects; synthetic, semi synthetic and natural oil (coconut oil). Steel had been used as a raw material which has 3 different cross sections; tube, round bar and sheet. In experiments, those raw materials were shaped by the compressive bending die set which can adjust the bending angle between 30, 60 and 90 degrees. The results were collected and measured in terms of spring back, surface stain, surface roughness and physical aspects.
The results can be concluded that spring back was affected directly by the bending angle. Having increased the bending angle, spring back was increased. The sheet with 90 degrees of bending angle showed the highest amount of spring back which up to 15.67%. In contrast, the round bar with 30 degrees of bending angle showed just around 5.67% which was the lowest amount of spring back. Lubrications can help to decrease the amount of spring back when compared to dry process. Spring back can not be dropped significantly if the synthetic oil was applied. As a matter of fact that the surface stain can be risen sharply by an increase of the bending angle, but, in experiments, lubrication can diminish this effect, especially the synthetic oil, therefore, the highest surface stain belonged to the sheet and the lowest fell into the tube that were 0.030 and 0.142 respectively. Finally, the surface roughness can be decreased by lubrications. The synthetic oil had a greatest domination in this area where 0.29 Ra was a lowest surface roughness which can be found in the experiment.