Patchaya Masomboon. Clastogenic and anticlastogenic potential of raw and cooked Amaranthus species . Master's Degree(Food and Nutritional Toxicology). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2003.
Clastogenic and anticlastogenic potential of raw and cooked Amaranthus species
Abstract:
The objectives of this study were to determine the clastogenic and
anticlastogenic potentials of raw and cooked Amaranthus viridis.(Pak Khom Had) and
A.tricolor (Pak Khom Suan) induced by mitomycin C (MMC), a direct acting
carcinogen, and 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA), an indirect acting
carcinogen, using in vivo erythrocyte micronucleus assay.
Three samples of Amaranthus, one raw, one blanched and the other boiled,
were extracted with methanol. Each extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) for each sample was
then administered to male mice by intragastric intubation for 2 weeks prior to the
administration of MMC intraperitoneally and DMBA intragastrically. The carcinogens
were introduced to the mice then blood was collected from all groups at 0, 24, 48 and
72 hours and was analyzed for the number of micronucleated peripheral reticulocytes
(MNRETs). A control group received the carcinogens only.
The result in erythrocyte micronucleuse assay showed that the ingestion of 100
and 200 mg/kg vegetables extracts, both raw and cooked (blanched and boiled) A.
viridis and A. tricolor, for 2 weeks had no significant effect on the micronucleus
formation. For the anticlastogenicity test, all of them caused a significant reduction in
the number of MNRETs induced by MMC and DMBA when compared with the
control group. Both A. viridis and A. tricolor extracts had a similar effect on MMC and
DMBA induced MNRETs. The extracts of raw vegetable showed the highest
anticlastogenic potential against MMC and DMBA. However, the inhibition of MMC
induced MNRETs was markedly reduced in the blanched vegetable and less in case of
boiled vegetable. In case of DMBA induced MNRETs, the inhibition by blanched and
boiled vegetables was not different.
In conclusion, the study revealed that A.viridis and A.tricolor had no
clastogenicity. Interestingly, however they showed significant anticlastogenic activity
against both direct and indirect-acting carcinogens.