Jeeradach Intajarurnsan. Effects of cooking on cholesterol content of various cephalopod and a survey of cephalopod consumption . Master's Degree(Nutrition). Mahidol University. : Mahidol University, 2003.
Effects of cooking on cholesterol content of various cephalopod and a survey of cephalopod consumption
Abstract:
Greater amounts of cholesterol in the diet raise the concentration of blood
cholesterol and subsequently lead to coronary heart disease, which is a major health
problem. Most people take precautions with the visible fat but are unaware of the
unseen fat in seafoods such as cephalopod. The study attempted to determine (1) the
cholesterol content of fresh cephalopod, dried squid, and cuttlefish snacks. (2) the
effect of the cooking process: fried, grilled, or boiled on the cholesterol content. (3)
the amount and frequency of cephalopod consumption in Bangkok. Twelve samples of
fresh cephalopod i.e. squid (Loligo chinensis), soft cuttlefish (Sepioteuthis lessoniana),
cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis), and octopus (Octopus dollfusi) were collected from ten
markets in Chonburi and Rayong Provinces. Each sample was prepared into two parts,
a mantle and a tentacle, for determination of moisture and cholesterol content.
Seventeen cuttlefish snacks as well as six samples of whole dried, dissected, and
rehydrated squid were determined as the fresh cephalopods. The results showed that
the cholesterol content of the tentacle was higher than the mantle, soft cuttlefish>
squid>cuttlfish>octopus. Total cholesterol in mg/100g dry weight were 1,857.16,
1,742.13, 1,255.65, and 1,026.21 respectively. Boiled squid had a significantly higher
cholesterol level than stir-fried (2,229.75 VS 1,742.98 mg/100g dry weight).
Cholesterol in boiled soft cuttlefish 2,248.97>grilled 1,835.97>stir-fried 1,525.41
mg/100g dry weight with p-value<0.05. Grilled octopus (1,079.82) had a cholesterol
content comparable to grilled cuttlefish at 1,198.85 mg/100g dry weight. The
cholesterol content was in accordance with cholesterol retention. The percent
retentions were 95.41 and 79.78 for boiled and stir-fried squid; 93.26, 87.28, and 78.16
for boiled, grilled, and stir-fried soft cuttlefish; and 83.82 and 85.85 for grilled
cuttlefish and octopus respectively. Cholesterol retention in dissected dried grilled
squid was 79.49 while other types were more than 90%. The shredded seasoned
cuttlefish had cholesterol>baked>seasoned roller>seasoned snacks. Two hundred and
sixty four subjects responded to the questionnaire. Ninety one percent of the subjects
consumed cephalopod and 75% knew the type of cephalopod. A majority of the
subjects knew that cholesterol comes from animal sources but they did not know the
associated diseases. The average quantity of cooked fresh cephalopod, dried squid, and
snack consumption at one time was 56, 34, and 42 grams which was equivalent to a
cholesterol intake of 277, 376, and 147 mg respectively. Most subjects consumed
cephalopod 1-2 times per month. In light of this study, it is necessary to distribute
information to the public that they should have a dietary cholesterol intake of less than
300 mg per day for healthy individuals and no more than 200 mg for individual with
hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease