Abstract:
Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Phyllanthus taxodiifolius has led to the isolation of a new arylnaphthalene lignan glycoside taxodiifoloside (1), together with three known lignan glycosides of the same type (2-4). In addition, two lupine triterpenes (5) and (6), two known dipeptides (7) and (8), vanillic acid (9), a mixture of β-sitosterol (10a) and stigmasterol (10b) and a mixture of β-sitosterol 3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (11a) and stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11b) were obtained from the same source. The structures of the isolated and modified compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques. All isolated and modified compounds were tested for cytotoxic effects against a panel of mammalian cancer cell lines, and anti-HIV-1 activity employing HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and a syncytium assay using ΔTat/Rev MC99 virus 1A2 cell line system. The new compound (1) showed moderate cytotoxic activities in four tested cell lines, but not in P-388 and ASK cell lines. Compounds (3), (4), and the modified (12) and (14), were very active in the cytotoxic assay. Compound (7) was very active in the HIV-1 RT assay, while compound (2) showed weak activity.