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Chawanrat Somnuek. Use of acetylcholinesterase and cytochrome P450 1A as Biomarkers in Hybrid Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus x Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos or Carbaryl. Doctoral Degree(Philosophy in Environmental Science). มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา. สำนักหอสมุด. : Burapha University, 2010.
Use of acetylcholinesterase and cytochrome P450 1A as Biomarkers in Hybrid Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus x Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos or Carbaryl
Name: Chawanrat Somnuek
keyword:
Acetylcholinesterase
;
Carbaryl
Abstract:
Inhibition of AChE is considered to be a specific biomarker for exposure to organophosphates and carbamate insecticides. In addition, cytochrome P450 1A induction is used widely as a biomarker when assessing exposure to contaminants in enviornmental systems including pesticides. The effect of chlorpyrifos and carbaryl on AChE and cytochrome P450 1A were assessed both by measurements of the enzyme activity and gene expression in hybrid catfish (Clarius macrocepharus x Clarius gariepinus).
AChE was measured in brain, liver, muscle and gill tissues of hybrid catfish exposed to a sublethal concentration of chlorpyrifos or carbaryl for 4 days. AChE inhibition increased rapidly with insecticide concentration. Relative inhibition of AChE was higher in larger fish but did not differ significantly with sex. Relatiive inhibition of AChE accompanying insecticide exposure was highest in the brain tissues and progressively less in the liver, muscle and gill tissues. Sublethal concentrations of insecticides in the brain of hybrid catfish can rapidly inhibit AChE activity within 24 hours and increased over the 4-day. After transfer to insecticide-free water, AChE inhibition and insecticide residue in the brain decreased but remained above control values over the 4-day recovery period.
The examination of AChE gene expression, hybrid catfish exposed to sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos or carbaryl for 24 hours. AChE gene was isolated from brain tissue by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. Real-time PCR was used to compare AChE gene expression with the amplified 285S rRNA gene. AChE gene expression was significantly elevated 12.4 times in hybrid catfish exposed to 43 uM chlorpyrifos in comparison to the control group. Carbaryl did not produce any significant change. These results indicate that AChE is more sensitive to administration of chlorpyrifos than carbaryl.
The biological alterations in the exposed hybrid catfish were confirmed by using cytochrome P450 1A analysis, both EROD activity and cytochrome P450 1A gene expression analysis. Fish were treated with sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos or carbaly carbaryl for 24 or 48 hours. The responses observed in liver of the hybrid catfish exposed to the insecticides showed similar trends in both measurements. Chlorpyrifos and carbaryl at all concentration slightly increased the levels of EROD activity after 24 and 48 hours and increased gene expression of CYP450 1A mRNA in dose-dependently. Exposure to chlopyrifos or carbaryl at high concentrations resulted in significant elevation of cytochrome P450 1A gene expression in comparison to control fish at both time intervals. However, the cytochrome P450 1A gene was found prominetly expressed in hybrid catfish exposed to chlorpyrifos or to carbaryl than in EROD assay.
These results suggest that the responses of AChE and cytochrome P450 1A at the gene level was more sensitive than at the protein level. The induction of the AChE and cytochrome P450 1A gene indicates the possibility of using this gene as biomarker for detecting effects of organophoshphate or carbamate insecticides in hybrid catfish.
มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา. สำนักหอสมุด
Address:
ชลบุรี (Chonburi)
Email:
buulibrary@buu.ac.th
Name: Voravit Cheevaporn
Role:
Principal advisor
Name: Chuta Boonphakdee
Role:
Co-advisor
Created:
2010
Modified:
2010-06-10
Issued:
2010-06-10
วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis
application/pdf
eng
DegreeName: Doctor of Philosophyinvironmental Science
Level: Doctoral Degree
Descipline: Philosophy in Environmental Science
Grantor: Burapha University
©copyrights Burapha University
RightsAccess:
ใช้เวลา
0.047867 วินาที
Chawanrat Somnuek
| Title | Contributor | Type |
|---|---|---|
| Use of acetylcholinesterase and cytochrome P450 1A as Biomarkers in Hybrid Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus x Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos or Carbaryl
มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา Chawanrat Somnuek | Voravit Cheevaporn Chuta Boonphakdee | วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis |
Voravit Cheevaporn
| Title | Creator | Type and Date Create |
|---|---|---|
| Use of acetylcholinesterase and cytochrome P450 1A as Biomarkers in Hybrid Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus x Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos or Carbaryl
มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา Voravit Cheevaporn;Chuta Boonphakdee | Chawanrat Somnuek | วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis |
| Cyp450 1A, Fixed Wavelength Fluorescence Detection of Bile Met Abolites and Physiological Responses of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Exposed to Selected PAHs
มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา Nongnud Tangkrock-olan;Voravit Cheevaporn | Khobkul Nongnutch | วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis |
Chuta Boonphakdee
| Title | Creator | Type and Date Create |
|---|---|---|
| Use of acetylcholinesterase and cytochrome P450 1A as Biomarkers in Hybrid Catfish (Clarias macrocephalus x Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Chlorpyrifos or Carbaryl
มหาวิทยาลัยบูรพา Voravit Cheevaporn;Chuta Boonphakdee | Chawanrat Somnuek | วิทยานิพนธ์/Thesis |